NATIONAL MOONSHINE DAY
70 ― In the siege of Jerusalem, Titus and his Roman legions breach the middle wall of the city. The siege ended with the sacking of the city and the destruction of its famous Second Temple. The destruction of both the first and second temples is still mourned annually as the Jewish fast Tisha B'Av. The Arch of Titus, celebrating the Roman sack of Jerusalem and the Temple, still stands in Rome.
1661 ― Isaac Newton is admitted as a student to Trinity College, Cambridge on the recommendation of his uncle Rev William Ayscough. He started as a subsizar—paying his way by performing valet's duties—until he was awarded a scholarship in 1664, which guaranteed him four more years until he would get his M.A.. The rest, is history.
1805 ― The first recorded tornado in "Tornado Alley" hits Southern Illinois.
1827 ― Turks from the Ottoman Empire capture the Acropolis and take Athens during the Greek War of Independence (1821-1832).
1870 ― The Constantinople fire kills 900.
1884 ― William T. Sherman refuses the Republican presidential nomination saying "I will not accept if nominated & will not serve if elected". That statement was later used in a modified form by President Lyndon Johnson in 1968 who declined to run for re-election.
1899 ― Frenchman Alfred Dreyfus acquitted. Dreyfus was convicted of treason in 1884 for allegedly communicating French military secrets to the German embassy in Paris. He was incarcerated on Devils Island off the coast of French Guiana.
Evidence came to light in 1896—primarily through an investigation instigated by Georges Picquart, head of counter-espionage—identifying a French Army major namedFerdinand Walsin Esterhazy as the real culprit. After high-ranking military officials suppressed the new evidence, a military court unanimously acquitted Esterhazy after a trial lasting only two days. The Army then accused Dreyfus of additional charges based on falsified documents. Word of the military court's framing of Dreyfus and of an attempted cover-up began to spread, chiefly owing to J'accuse, a vehement open letter published in a Paris newspaper in January 1898 by famed writer Émile Zola. Activists put pressure on the government to reopen the case.
In 1899, Dreyfus was returned to France for another trial. The intense political and judicial scandal that ensued divided French society between those who supported Dreyfus (now called "Dreyfusards"), such as Anatole France, Henri Poincaré andGeorges Clemenceau, and those who condemned him (the anti-Dreyfusards), such as Édouard Drumont, the director and publisher of the antisemitic newspaper La Libre Parole. The new trial resulted in another conviction and a 10-year sentence but Dreyfus was given a pardon and set free.
1900 ― Pretoria, capital of the Boer Republic of South Africa, falls to the British led by General Buller in the Second Boer War.
1902 ― German Emperor (Kaiser) Wilhelm II responds to growing demands from Polish and other Slavic peoples living within German territory by calling for more 'Germanization' of the slavs.
1933 ― In order to finance his "New Deal" programs,President Franklin D. Roosevelt abolishes the gold standard. The "official" reason, hoarding of gold due to bank failures, is a cover story. Executive Order 1602 "required all persons to deliver on or before May 1, 1933, all but a small amount of gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates owned by them to the Federal Reserve, in exchange for $20.67 per troy ounce." If the intent was merely to take the country off the gold standard, that could have been accomplished WITHOUT confiscation.
1937 ― Henry Ford initiates the 32 hour work week in his assembly lines.
1940 ― A synthetic rubber tire exhibited in Akron, Ohio by Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company.
1942 ― The Battle of Midway begins; Japan's first major defeat in WW II.
1942 ― The Elwood Ordnance Plant explosion near Joliet, Illinois kills 54.
1943 ― The 75th Belmont States is run. Johnny Longden aboard Count Fleet wins in 2:28.2 for the Triple Crown, the 6th horse to win it. Count Fleet won by 25-lengths which was the record until 30 years later when Secretariat, with Ron Turcotte on board, won by an amazing 31 lengths.-- Belmont Stakes web site.
1944 ― The first B-29 bombing raid takes place striking targets in Bangkok, before it was deployed against the Japanese home islands. A total of 98 B-29s led by the 58th's commander, General LaVerne Saunders, flew out from airfields in India to attack the Makasan railway yards in Bangkok. The raid was the longest distance mission to that date in the war. It was a 2,261-mile round trip. Only 77 of the B-29s made it to Bangkok, with 21 having had to return home because of various engine problems.
1944 ― German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel goes on leave just before WWII D-Day landings by the Allies.
1947 ― Secretary of State George Marshall outlines "Marshall Plan" to provide economic support rebuilding Europe. The plan provided $13B ($120B today). But since the U.S. was no longer on the gold standard (see above) it was just paper anyway.
1953 ― The U.S. Senate rejects the People's Republic of China's membership to UN.
1956 ― The federal district court ruled in Browder v. Gayle that bus segregation was unconstitutional, and in November 1956 the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed Browder v. Gayle and struck down laws requiring segregated seating on public buses.
1959 ― The first independent government of the State of Singapore is sworn in with Lee Kuan Yew as Prime Minister.
1967 ― The Six-Day War between Israel and Arab neighbors begin. Following the mobilization of Egyptian forces along the Israeli border in the Sinai Peninsula, Israel launched a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields. Egyptian leader, Gamal Abdel Nasser induced Syria and Jordan to begin attacks on Israel by using the initially confused situation to claim that Egypt had defeated the Israeli air strike.
1968 ― Seeking the Democratic nomination for President, at 12:16 AM PST, Senator Robert F. Kennedy is shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles after winning the California presidential primary by Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan. Kennedy would die the next day from his wounds.
1976 ― After a suspected Irish republican bombing kills 2 Protestant civilians in a pub, the Ulster Volunteer Force kills 5 civilians in a gun and bomb attack at the Chlorane Bar, Northern Ireland.
1981 ― The AIDS scare officially begins when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control reports on pneumonia affecting 5 homosexual men in Los Angeles.
1991 ― President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, receives his 1990 Nobel Peace Prize, instead of Ronald Reagan who instigated the situation that forced the demise of the Soviet Union on December 22.
1998 ― A strike begins at the General Motors parts factory in Flint, Michigan, that quickly spreads to five other assembly plants (the strike lasted seven weeks).
2001 ― Tropical Storm Allison makes landfall on the upper-Texas coastline as a strong tropical storm and dumps huge amounts of rain over Houston. The storm caused $5.5 billion in damages, making Allison the costliest tropical storm in U.S. history. Lived through this, on the "dry" side of the storm that only got 11 inches of rain in 24 hours. Some places got 47 inches.
2006 ― Serbia declares independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro.
2013 ― The first article based on NSA leaked documents by Edward Snowden are published by the Guardian Newspaper in the UK.
BORN TODAY
1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher, The Wealth of Nations (d. 1790)
1850 – Pat Garrett, American sheriff, renown for killing outlaw BIlly the Kid (d. 1908)
1883 – John Maynard Keynes, English economist, philosopher, and academic (d. 1946)
1898 – Salvatore Ferragamo, Italian shoe designer, founded Salvatore Ferragamo S.p.A. (d. 1960)
1919 – Richard Scarry, American-Swiss author and illustrator (d. 1994)
1949 – Elizabeth Gloster, English lawyer and judge
1942 ― The Elwood Ordnance Plant explosion near Joliet, Illinois kills 54.
1943 ― The 75th Belmont States is run. Johnny Longden aboard Count Fleet wins in 2:28.2 for the Triple Crown, the 6th horse to win it. Count Fleet won by 25-lengths which was the record until 30 years later when Secretariat, with Ron Turcotte on board, won by an amazing 31 lengths.-- Belmont Stakes web site.
1944 ― The first B-29 bombing raid takes place striking targets in Bangkok, before it was deployed against the Japanese home islands. A total of 98 B-29s led by the 58th's commander, General LaVerne Saunders, flew out from airfields in India to attack the Makasan railway yards in Bangkok. The raid was the longest distance mission to that date in the war. It was a 2,261-mile round trip. Only 77 of the B-29s made it to Bangkok, with 21 having had to return home because of various engine problems.
1944 ― German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel goes on leave just before WWII D-Day landings by the Allies.
1947 ― Secretary of State George Marshall outlines "Marshall Plan" to provide economic support rebuilding Europe. The plan provided $13B ($120B today). But since the U.S. was no longer on the gold standard (see above) it was just paper anyway.
1953 ― The U.S. Senate rejects the People's Republic of China's membership to UN.
1956 ― The federal district court ruled in Browder v. Gayle that bus segregation was unconstitutional, and in November 1956 the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed Browder v. Gayle and struck down laws requiring segregated seating on public buses.
1959 ― The first independent government of the State of Singapore is sworn in with Lee Kuan Yew as Prime Minister.
1967 ― The Six-Day War between Israel and Arab neighbors begin. Following the mobilization of Egyptian forces along the Israeli border in the Sinai Peninsula, Israel launched a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields. Egyptian leader, Gamal Abdel Nasser induced Syria and Jordan to begin attacks on Israel by using the initially confused situation to claim that Egypt had defeated the Israeli air strike.
1968 ― Seeking the Democratic nomination for President, at 12:16 AM PST, Senator Robert F. Kennedy is shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles after winning the California presidential primary by Palestinian Sirhan Sirhan. Kennedy would die the next day from his wounds.
1976 ― After a suspected Irish republican bombing kills 2 Protestant civilians in a pub, the Ulster Volunteer Force kills 5 civilians in a gun and bomb attack at the Chlorane Bar, Northern Ireland.
1981 ― The AIDS scare officially begins when the U.S. Centers for Disease Control reports on pneumonia affecting 5 homosexual men in Los Angeles.
1991 ― President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev, receives his 1990 Nobel Peace Prize, instead of Ronald Reagan who instigated the situation that forced the demise of the Soviet Union on December 22.
1998 ― A strike begins at the General Motors parts factory in Flint, Michigan, that quickly spreads to five other assembly plants (the strike lasted seven weeks).
2001 ― Tropical Storm Allison makes landfall on the upper-Texas coastline as a strong tropical storm and dumps huge amounts of rain over Houston. The storm caused $5.5 billion in damages, making Allison the costliest tropical storm in U.S. history. Lived through this, on the "dry" side of the storm that only got 11 inches of rain in 24 hours. Some places got 47 inches.
2006 ― Serbia declares independence from the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro.
2013 ― The first article based on NSA leaked documents by Edward Snowden are published by the Guardian Newspaper in the UK.
BORN TODAY
1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish economist and philosopher, The Wealth of Nations (d. 1790)
1850 – Pat Garrett, American sheriff, renown for killing outlaw BIlly the Kid (d. 1908)
1883 – John Maynard Keynes, English economist, philosopher, and academic (d. 1946)
1898 – Salvatore Ferragamo, Italian shoe designer, founded Salvatore Ferragamo S.p.A. (d. 1960)
1919 – Richard Scarry, American-Swiss author and illustrator (d. 1994)
1949 – Elizabeth Gloster, English lawyer and judge
From Wikipedia and Google (images), ex as noted.
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