Wednesday, February 14, 2018

TODAY IN HISTORY ― FEBRUARY 14

February 14 is the 45th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 320 days remaining until the end of the year (321 in leap years). This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Friday or Saturday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Monday or Wednesday (56).

VALENTINES DAY (Enough said)

1130 – Jewish Cardinal Pietro Pierleone is elected as antipope Anacletus II.

1633 – On this day in 1633, Italian philosopher, astronomer and mathematician Galileo Galilei arrives in Rome to face charges of heresy for advocating Copernican theory.

1689– Following Britain's bloodless Glorious Revolution, Mary, the daughter of the deposed king, and William of Orange, her husband, are proclaimed joint sovereigns of Great Britain under Britain's new Bill of Rights.

1747 – Astronomer James Bradley presents his discovery of the wobbling motion of the Earth on its axis to the Royal Society, London.


1803 – Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall declares that any act of U.S. Congress that conflicts with the Constitution is void. Wish that could have stood longer.



1844 – Lt. John C. Frémont becomes the first European to find Lake Tahoe.


1849 – In New York City, James Knox Polk becomes first serving United States President to have his photograph taken (by Matthew Brady).

1855 – Texas is linked by telegraph to the rest of the United States, with the completion of a connection between New Orleans and Marshall, Texas.

1859 – Oregon was admitted as the 33rd state of the Union.



1861 
 The earliest military action to be revered with a Medal of Honor award is performed by Colonel Bernard J.D. Irwin, an assistant army surgeon serving in the first major U.S.-Apache conflict.


1876 – Inventors Alexander Graham Bell and Elisha Gray apply separately for telephone patents. The United States Supreme Court eventually rules Bell the rightful inventor.

1894 – Venus is both a morning star and evening star.



1905 – On this day in 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a stirring speech to the New York City Republican Club about race problems in the United States.

1912 – Arizona was admitted to the Union as the 48th state.

1918 – The USSR adopts the New Style (Gregorian) calendar (new February 14 was originally February 1).



1929 – The St. Valentine's Day Massacre is executed in Chicago. Seven gangsters are killed, allegedly on Al Capone's orders.



1936 – The National Negro Congress organizes in Chicago.


1945 – On the evening of February 13, 1945, the most controversial episode in the Allied air war against Germany begins as hundreds of British bombers loaded with incendiaries and high-explosive bombs descend on Dresden, a historic city located in eastern Germany.

1965 – President Lyndon B. Johnson decides to undertake the sustained bombing of North Vietnam (Operation Rolling Thunder) that he and his advisers have been contemplating for a year.

1966 – Wilt Chamberlain breaks the NBA career scoring record with 20,884 points. He ends his career with 31,419 in 1973 and was inducted into the  professional basketball Hall of Fame in 2006. It took 33 years?

1971 – The Tehran agreement is signed―major foreign oil companies accept a 55 percent tax rate, immediate increase in posted prices, and further successive increases.

1978 – The first "micro on a chip" is patented by Texas Instruments.



1980 – The United States launches the Solar Maximum Mission Observatory to study solar flares.


1989 – The Ayatollah Khomeini orders Muslims to murder "Satanic Verses" novelist Salam Rushdie.

1989 – The first of 24 satellites of the Global Positioning System are placed into orbit.


1990 – Space probe Voyager 1 takes the first photograph of the entire solar system, at a distance of 3.7 billion miles.


2000 – The spacecraft NEAR Shoemaker enters orbit around asteroid 433 Eros, the first spacecraft to orbit an asteroid.



2013 – The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's largest and highest-energy particle accelerator, will be switched off for two years for upgrading.



TODAY'S BIRTHS

1602 – Francesco Cavalli, Italian composer (d. 1676)

1819 – Christopher Latham Sholes, American journalist and politician, invented the typewriter (d. 1890)

1859 – George Washington Gale Ferris Jr., American engineer, inventor of the Ferris wheel (d. 1896)

1869 – Charles Thomson Rees Wilson, Scottish physicist and meteorologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)

1913 – Jimmy Hoffa, American trade union leader (d. 1975)

1917 – Herbert A. Hauptman, American mathematician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2011)

From Wikipedia and Google (images), ex as noted.

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