356 BC ― Herostratus sets fire to the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
1542 ― Pope Paul III begins inquisition against Protestants (Sactum Officium). -- Macrohistory and World Timeline
1718 ― The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
1773 ― Pope Clemens XIV bans Jesuits (the Society of Jesus).
TODAY'S BIRTHS
1816 – Paul Reuter, German-English journalist, founded Reuters (d. 1899)
1899 – Ernest Hemingway, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
1938 – Janet Reno, American lawyer and politician, 79th United States Attorney General (d. 2016)
1718 ― The Treaty of Passarowitz between the Ottoman Empire, Austria and the Republic of Venice is signed.
1773 ― Pope Clemens XIV bans Jesuits (the Society of Jesus).
1861 ― In the first major land battle of the Civil War, a large Union force under General Irvin McDowell is routed by a Confederate army under General Pierre G.T. Beauregard at Bull Run.
1865 ― In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first true western showdown.
1898 ― Spain cedes the central Pacific island of Guam to the United States in the Spanish-American War.
1904 ― After 13 years, the 4,607-mile Trans-Siberian railway is completed.
1921 ― To prove his contention that air power is superior to sea power, U.S. Colonel William Mitchell demonstrates how bombs from planes can sink a captured German battleship. ― Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
1925 ― The Scopes "Monkey Trial" ends. John Scopes is found guilty of teaching Darwinism (evolution).
1940 ― The Soviet Union annexes Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania.
1949 ― The U.S. Senate ratifies North Atlantic Treaty by a vote of 82-13 (NATO).
1955 ― President Dwight D. Eisenhower presents his “Open Skies” plan at the 1955 Geneva summit meeting with representatives of France, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. The plan, though never accepted, laid the foundation for President Ronald Reagan’s later policy of “trust, but verify” in relation to arms agreements with the Soviet Union.
1898 ― Spain cedes the central Pacific island of Guam to the United States in the Spanish-American War.
1904 ― After 13 years, the 4,607-mile Trans-Siberian railway is completed.
1921 ― To prove his contention that air power is superior to sea power, U.S. Colonel William Mitchell demonstrates how bombs from planes can sink a captured German battleship. ― Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
1925 ― The Scopes "Monkey Trial" ends. John Scopes is found guilty of teaching Darwinism (evolution).
1940 ― The Soviet Union annexes Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania.
1949 ― The U.S. Senate ratifies North Atlantic Treaty by a vote of 82-13 (NATO).
1955 ― President Dwight D. Eisenhower presents his “Open Skies” plan at the 1955 Geneva summit meeting with representatives of France, Great Britain, and the Soviet Union. The plan, though never accepted, laid the foundation for President Ronald Reagan’s later policy of “trust, but verify” in relation to arms agreements with the Soviet Union.
1960 ― On this day in 1960, the German government passes the “Law Concerning the Transfer of the Share Rights in Volkswagenwerk Limited Liability Company into Private Hands,” known informally as the “Volkswagen Law.”
1972 ― Bloody Friday: within the space of seventy-five minutes, the Provisional Irish Republican Army explode twenty-two bombs in Belfast; six civilians, two British Army soldiers and one UDA volunteer were killed, 130 injured.
1970 ― After 11 years of construction, the Aswan High Dam across the Nile River in Egypt is completed on July 21, 1970. More than two miles long at its crest, the massive $1 billion dam ended the cycle of flood and drought in the Nile River region, and exploited a tremendous source of renewable energy, but had a controversial environmental impact.
1972 ― In New York City 57 murders occur in 24 hours.
1973 ― The USSR launches Mars 4 for fly-by (2600 km) of red planet. -- NASA
1976 ― The first outbreak of "Legionnaire's Disease" kills 29 in Philadelphia.
1973 ― The USSR launches Mars 4 for fly-by (2600 km) of red planet. -- NASA
1976 ― The first outbreak of "Legionnaire's Disease" kills 29 in Philadelphia.
1997 ― The fully restored USS Constitution (aka "Old Ironsides") celebrates her 200th birthday, setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
2005 ― Four terrorist bombings, occurring exactly two weeks after the similar July 7 bombings, target London's public transportation system. All four bombs fail to detonate and all four suspected suicide bombers are captured and later convicted and imprisoned for long terms.
2008 ― Bosnian-Serb war criminal Radovan Karadžić is arrested in Serbia and is indicted by the UN's ICTY tribunal.
2011 ― NASA’s space shuttle program completes its final, and 135th, mission, when the shuttle Atlantis lands at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
TODAY'S BIRTHS
1816 – Paul Reuter, German-English journalist, founded Reuters (d. 1899)
1899 – Ernest Hemingway, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
1938 – Janet Reno, American lawyer and politician, 79th United States Attorney General (d. 2016)
From Wikipedia and Google, except as noted.
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