THIS DAY IN HISTORY ― DECEMBER 1

 

THIS DAY IN HISTORY ― DECEMBER 1

December 1 is the 335th day of the year (336th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 30 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday (58 in 400 years each) than on Sunday or Monday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Wednesday or Friday (56).

ROSA PARKS DAY 

800 – Charlemagne judges the accusations against Pope Leo III in the Vatican.

1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris. Less than two years later, after the arduous siege of Meaux, he was dead, and a generation later on the fields of Castillon in 1453, the English were finally defeated.

1640 – Portugal regains independence after 60 years of Spanish rule following a revolution by Portugese nobility; the Portugese Restoration War begins and last until 1668 with recognition by Spain of the country's independence.

1824 – United States presidential election, 1824: Since no candidate received a majority of the total electoral college votes in the election, the United States House of Representatives is given the task of deciding the winner in accordance with the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. 

John Quincy Adams was elected President on February 9, 1825. The election was the only one in history to be decided by the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution after no candidate secured a majority of the electoral vote. It was also the first presidential election in which the candidate who received a plurality of electoral votes (Andrew Jackson) did not become President.

1834 – Slavery is abolished in the Cape Colony in accordance with the Slavery Abolition Act 1833.

1862 – In his State of the Union Address President Abraham Lincoln reaffirms the necessity of ending slavery as ordered ten weeks earlier in the Emancipation Proclamation.

1865 – Shaw University, the first historically black university in the southern United States, is founded in Raleigh, North Carolina.

1881 – Virgil, Morgan, and Wyatt Earp are exonerated in court for their action in the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral in Tombstone, AZ.

1913 – Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line.

1941 – World War II: Emperor Hirohito of Japan gives the final approval to initiate war against the United States

1955 – American Civil Rights Movement: In Montgomery, Alabama, seamstress Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat to a white man and is arrested for violating the city's racial segregation laws, an incident which leads to the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

1958 – The Our Lady of the Angels School fire in Chicago kills 92 children and three nuns.

1969 – Vietnam War: The first draft lottery in the United States is held since World War II.

1989 – Cold War: East Germany's parliament abolishes the constitutional provision granting the Communist Party the leading role in the state.


1990 – The Channel Tunnel sections started from the United Kingdom and France meet 40 metres beneath the seabed.

1991 – Cold War: Ukrainian voters overwhelmingly approve a referendum for independence from the Soviet Union.

2001 – Trans World Airlines' final flight following the carrier's purchase by American Airlines. TWA began operating 76 years earlier. The flight, piloted by Capt. Bill Compton, landed at St. Louis International Airport. 

TODAY'S BIRTHS

1761 – Marie Tussaud, French-English sculptor, founded Madame Tussauds Wax Museum (d. 1850)

1912 – Minoru Yamasaki, American architect, designed the World Trade Center (d. 1986)

1925 – Martin Rodbell, American biochemist and endocrinologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)


From Wikipedia and Google, except as noted.