Thursday, April 12, 2018

TODAY IN HISTORY ― APRIL 12

April 12 is the 102nd day of the year (103rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 263 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Sunday (58 in 400 years each) than on Friday or Saturday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Monday or Wednesday (56). 

NATIONAL WEAR YOUR PAJAMAS TO WORK DAY


1204 – The Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade breach the walls of Constantinople and enter the city, which they completely occupy the following day.   

1606 – The Union Flag (Jack) is adopted as the flag of English and Scottish ships.

1776 – American Revolution: With the Halifax Resolves, the North Carolina Provincial Congress authorizes its Congressional delegation to vote for independence from Britain.


1831 – Soldiers marching on the Broughton Suspension Bridge in Manchester, England cause it to collapse.

1861 – American Civil War: The war begins with Confederate forces firing on the Union Army's Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.

1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Fort Pillow: Confederate forces kill most of the African American soldiers that surrendered at Fort Pillow, Tennessee.

1917 – World War I: Canadian forces successfully complete the taking of Vimy Ridge, France from the Germans.

1927 – The Shanghai massacre of 1927: Chiang Kai-shek orders the Communist Party of China members executed in Shanghai, ending the First United Front.

1927 – Rocksprings, Texas (northwest of San Antonio) was hit by an F5 tornado that destroyed 235 of the 247 buildings in the town and killed 72 townspeople and injured 205; third deadliest tornado in Texas history.

1934 – The strongest surface wind gust in the world at the time of 231 mph, is measured on the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire. It has since been surpassed.


1934 – The U.S. Auto-Lite strike (AFL) begins, culminating in a five-day melee between 1,300 Ohio National Guard troops and 6,000 strikers and picketers. 

1937 – Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft, at Rugby, England.

1945 – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt dies while in office; Vice President Harry Truman, becomes President upon Roosevelt's death.


1945 – The U.S. Ninth Army under General William H. Simpson crosses the Elbe River astride Magdeburg, and reached Tangermünde—only 50 miles from Berlin.


1955 – The polio vaccine, developed by Dr. Jonas Salk, is declared safe and effective.


1961 – The Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human to travel into outer space and perform the first manned orbital flight, Vostok 1.

1970 – Soviet submarine K-8, carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the Bay of Biscay four days after a fire on board.

1981 – The first launch of a Space Shuttle (Columbia) takes place―the STS-1 mission.

1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton is cited for contempt of court for giving "intentionally false statements" in a sexual harassment civil lawsuit. ― From washingtonpost.com


2002 – A suicide bomber blows herself up at the entrance to Jerusalem's Mahane Yehuda Market, killing 7 and wounding 104.

2007 – A suicide bomber penetrates the Green Zone and detonates in a cafeteria within a parliament building, killing Iraqi MP Mohammed Awad and wounding more than twenty other people.


2014 – The Great Fire of Valparaíso ravages the Chilean city of Valparaíso, killing 16, displacing nearly 10,000, and destroying over 2,000 homes.


BORN TODAY

1484 – Antonio da Sangallo the Younger, Italian architect, designed the Apostolic Palace and St. Peter's Basilica (d. 1546)

1550 – Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, English courtier and politician, Lord Great Chamberlain, suggested to be the real author "William Shakespeare" (d. 1604)

1777 – Henry Clay, American lawyer and politician, 9th United States Secretary of State (d. 1852)

1883 – Imogen Cunningham, American photographer and educator (d. 1976)

1940 – Herbie Hancock, American pianist, composer, and bandleader

From Wikipedia and Google (images), ex as noted.

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