Cost of Living
Yearly Inflation Rate ― 0.32%
Average Cost of new house ― $10,250
Cost of a gallon of Gas ― 22 cents
Average Cost of a new car ― $1,700
Average Monthly Rent ― $85.00
Movie Ticket ― 70 cents
Life Magazine ― 20 cents
The Dow Jones recovers back to pre Wall Street Crash highs of 381.17
Summary
1896 ― The Supreme Court decides Plessy v. Ferguson and as a result created the "Separate but Equal" rule in regards to racial segregation, legitimizing state laws on segregation that could violate the 14th Amendment.
1896 until the early 1950's ― Racial segregation continues but does not actually exist in terms of "Separate but Equal", but is used to as a way to discriminate against Black Americans.
1951 ― Thirteen parents file a class-action lawsuit against the Board of Education in Topeka, Kansas, calling for the city to end racial segregation in public schools.
1951 ― The parents involved in the lawsuit attempt to enroll their children in the schools nearest to their homes but are refused entry and told to enroll in segregated schools by officials.
1951 ― The District Court rules against the parents and cites the ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson as justification.
1952 ― The case is argued before the Supreme Court for the first time.
1953 ― The case is re-argued before the Supreme Court.
1954 ― US Supreme Court rules against the Board of Education in an unanimous decision. The court states that separate but equal is inherently unequal when it comes to providing public education and that the segregation of public schools violated the 14th Amendment.
The ruling sent the message that all forms of state-mandated segregation would not be tolerated by the court any longer. This message received a lot of resistance from Southern leaders in particular leading to the standoffs and conflicts for Civil Rights that we would see during the rest of the 1950s and early 1960s
Ellis Island ― Ellis Island in New York closes as a point of Immigration to the United States (opened January 1, 1892).
More Information for the History and Timeline of Ellis Island:
Indian Tribes call the Island "Kioshk" or Gull Island.
Dutch and English Colonists know the Island as Oyster Island.
1700's ― Samuel Ellis buys the Island where the Island gets it's name from.
1808 ― Federal government purchased Ellis Island from New York State .
1809 ― Federal government constructed a parapet for three tiers of circular guns making The Island as part of the new harbor defense system .
1855 to 1890 ― Castle Clinton was the New York State immigration station processing some 8 million immigrants.
1890 to 1892 ― Federal government constructs a new Federally-operated immigration station on Ellis Island.
1892 January 1st ― Ellis Island opens as an immigration station.
1892 January 2nd ― Annie Moore, a 15 year-old Irish girl, accompanied by her two brothers is the very first immigrant to be processed at Ellis Island .
1897 June 14th ― Fire burns the immigration station completely to the ground (Federal and State immigration records dating back to 1855 burned along with the pine buildings that failed to protect them).
1897 to 1900 ― New fireproof Immigration buildings built.
1900 December 17th ― Immigration restarts at Ellis Island .
1900 to 1918 ― Millions of Immigrants passed through Ellis Island bought on steamships from Europe.
1918 to 1919 ― Suspected enemy aliens and suspected alien radicals from throughout the United States brought to Ellis Island under custody.
1919 to 1924 ― Immigration continues at a much decreased pace following the passage of the Quota Laws 1921 and the National Origins Act 1924.
1924 to 1954 ― Only those who had problems with paperwork, war refugees and displaced persons were processed.
1954 ― The last detainee, a Norwegian merchant seaman named Arne Peterssen was released, and Ellis Island officially closed.
What is often not realized is not all Immigrants entering the United States were processed at Ellis Island many were never required to undergo processing only those who arrived on "steerage" or third class passengers were processed at Ellis Island. First and second class passengers who arrived in New York Harbor were not required to undergo the inspection process at Ellis Island.
Ellis Island is located in the upper bay just off the New Jersey coast, within the shadow of the Statue of Liberty,
More News and Key Events
Popular Culture
Culture
Sports
NFL Champions
Cleveland Browns
NBA Champions
Minneapolis Lakers
NHL Champions
Detroit Red Wings
NCAA Football Chamapions
Maryland Terapins
NCAA Basketball Champions
LaSalle
NCAA Hockey Champions
Rensselaer Polytechnic
U.S. Open Golf
Ed Furgol
British Open Golf
Peter Thompson
Wimbledon Tennis
Jaroslav Drobný (Egypt)
Maureen Connolly Brinker
Yearly Inflation Rate ― 0.32%
Average Cost of new house ― $10,250
Cost of a gallon of Gas ― 22 cents
Average Cost of a new car ― $1,700
Average Monthly Rent ― $85.00
Movie Ticket ― 70 cents
Life Magazine ― 20 cents
The Dow Jones recovers back to pre Wall Street Crash highs of 381.17
Summary
Following more wives moving back into the workforce the economy continued to grow and consumer goods and television programmes included the popular "Father Knows Best" Marlin Brando starred in two of the most popular movies " On The Waterfront" and "The Wild One" The Movie " Blackboard Jungle" also featured the song " Rock Around The Clock" from Bill Haley and the Comets, and Elvis Presley cut his first commercial record. A new trend also started called DIY Do It Yourself projects as families wanted to improve their homes and do their own maintenance . car engines continued to get bigger and more powerful and gas cost 29 cents. Following the discovery of a vaccine against Polio, the first mass vaccination of children against begins. Brown v Board of Education makes segregation in US Public Schools Unconstitutional.
McCarthyism ― Senator Joseph McCarthy is censured, bringing an end to his witch hunt of Communists.
McCarthyism ― Senator Joseph McCarthy is censured, bringing an end to his witch hunt of Communists.
More Information for the History and Timeline of Joseph McCarthy:
February 1950 ― US Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin makes a speech declaring that he has a list of Communists working in the State Department.
1950 ― The Tydings Senate Committee investigates McCarthy's claims and declares them to be fraudulent.
1950 ― McCarthy retaliates by implying that Senator Tydings of Maryland is a Communist sympathizer and Tydings loses re-election.
September 1950 ― Congress passes the McCarran Internal Security Act which allows the creation of the Subversive Activities Control Board to monitor Communists in the United States.
1951 ― McCarthy accuses General Marshall of being involved in an immense conspiracy
1953 ― Senator McCarthy becomes the chair of the Senate Committee on Government Operations and pursues alleged Communists within the Executive branch.
1953 ― McCarthyism spreads as more people join in on it, books by certain authors begin to be banned and diplomats who rouse the attention of McCarthy are removed, panic spreads.
1953 ― McCarthy's influence reaches its peak as loyalty oaths and black lists reach all corners of the country. Many people are accused as a result of "guilt by association" and many others are forced to endure intimidating legislative hearings.
1953 ― As the Korean War ends, McCarthy starts to attack the military and begins a search for spies and Communists within Fort Monmouth, New Jersey.
1954 ― The Army decides to fight back and holds the televised Army-McCarthy hearings from April until June. The dramatic hearings draw a large audience as viewers watch McCarthy self-destruct.
December 1954 ― Senator McCarthy is formally censured by the Senate in a 67 to 22 vote, effectively ending his Communist witch hunt.
1957 ― Joseph McCarthy dies.
McCarthy's witch hunt and panic had several notable victims, including Dr. Oppenheimer, the creator of the atomic bomb, who had his security clearance removed due to already well-known to security "left-wing" associations from his past.
Vietnam ― The First Indo-China War Ends ― The First Indo-China war ends when France gives up North Vietnam to the Communists.
February 1950 ― US Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin makes a speech declaring that he has a list of Communists working in the State Department.
1950 ― The Tydings Senate Committee investigates McCarthy's claims and declares them to be fraudulent.
1950 ― McCarthy retaliates by implying that Senator Tydings of Maryland is a Communist sympathizer and Tydings loses re-election.
September 1950 ― Congress passes the McCarran Internal Security Act which allows the creation of the Subversive Activities Control Board to monitor Communists in the United States.
1951 ― McCarthy accuses General Marshall of being involved in an immense conspiracy
1953 ― Senator McCarthy becomes the chair of the Senate Committee on Government Operations and pursues alleged Communists within the Executive branch.
1953 ― McCarthyism spreads as more people join in on it, books by certain authors begin to be banned and diplomats who rouse the attention of McCarthy are removed, panic spreads.
1953 ― McCarthy's influence reaches its peak as loyalty oaths and black lists reach all corners of the country. Many people are accused as a result of "guilt by association" and many others are forced to endure intimidating legislative hearings.
1953 ― As the Korean War ends, McCarthy starts to attack the military and begins a search for spies and Communists within Fort Monmouth, New Jersey.
1954 ― The Army decides to fight back and holds the televised Army-McCarthy hearings from April until June. The dramatic hearings draw a large audience as viewers watch McCarthy self-destruct.
December 1954 ― Senator McCarthy is formally censured by the Senate in a 67 to 22 vote, effectively ending his Communist witch hunt.
1957 ― Joseph McCarthy dies.
McCarthy's witch hunt and panic had several notable victims, including Dr. Oppenheimer, the creator of the atomic bomb, who had his security clearance removed due to already well-known to security "left-wing" associations from his past.
Vietnam ― The First Indo-China War Ends ― The First Indo-China war ends when France gives up North Vietnam to the Communists.
More Information and Timeline For First Indo-China War:
1946 ― The "First" Indo-China war begins when the Viet Minh, led by nationalists Ho Chi Minh and Vo Nguyen Giap, resist the French occupation.
1949 ― The French recognize the independence under Bao Dai's puppet regime and help the country form the Vietnamese National Army as way to bolster support in their favor.
1949 ― The French give independence to Laos and Cambodia in another effort to build support in the region.
1950 ― The United States starts giving military aid to France and will eventually pay most of the cost of the war.
1950 ― General Vo Nguyen Giap begins attacking the French and French-controlled Vietnamese army as he receives Chinese support from the now Communist country under Mao Zedong.
1950 ― The Viet Minh drive French and French-controlled Vietnamese troops from several areas of the country.
1950 ― The Soviet Union and China both recognize Ho Chi Minh as the leader of Vietnam and continue to send support and aid to the Viet Minh.
1951 ― French armed forces get a new commander, General De Lattre, who is successful at holding off the Viet Minh's forces and driving them back.
1952 ― Fighting continues between De Lattre's troops and Giap's Viet Minh.1953 ― The Viet Minh invades Laos to put more pressure on the French.
1954 ― The Battle of Dienbienphu takes place as the last major battle of the war.
July ― The Geneva Conference is held after the French suffer a great loss in the Battle of Dienbienphu. The 17th parallel is set as the boundary between Communist North Vietnam and Western-controlled South Vietnam.
Disagreements over elections and unification that had been promised in the Geneva Accords escalated into the "Second Indo-China War" also known as the Vietnam war between Vietnam and the United States.
Brown v. Board of Education Decision ― The Supreme Court rules on Brown v. Board of Education, stating that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.
More Information and Timeline For Brown v. Board of Education:
1946 ― The "First" Indo-China war begins when the Viet Minh, led by nationalists Ho Chi Minh and Vo Nguyen Giap, resist the French occupation.
1949 ― The French recognize the independence under Bao Dai's puppet regime and help the country form the Vietnamese National Army as way to bolster support in their favor.
1949 ― The French give independence to Laos and Cambodia in another effort to build support in the region.
1950 ― The United States starts giving military aid to France and will eventually pay most of the cost of the war.
1950 ― General Vo Nguyen Giap begins attacking the French and French-controlled Vietnamese army as he receives Chinese support from the now Communist country under Mao Zedong.
1950 ― The Viet Minh drive French and French-controlled Vietnamese troops from several areas of the country.
1950 ― The Soviet Union and China both recognize Ho Chi Minh as the leader of Vietnam and continue to send support and aid to the Viet Minh.
1951 ― French armed forces get a new commander, General De Lattre, who is successful at holding off the Viet Minh's forces and driving them back.
1952 ― Fighting continues between De Lattre's troops and Giap's Viet Minh.1953 ― The Viet Minh invades Laos to put more pressure on the French.
1954 ― The Battle of Dienbienphu takes place as the last major battle of the war.
July ― The Geneva Conference is held after the French suffer a great loss in the Battle of Dienbienphu. The 17th parallel is set as the boundary between Communist North Vietnam and Western-controlled South Vietnam.
Disagreements over elections and unification that had been promised in the Geneva Accords escalated into the "Second Indo-China War" also known as the Vietnam war between Vietnam and the United States.
Brown v. Board of Education Decision ― The Supreme Court rules on Brown v. Board of Education, stating that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional.
More Information and Timeline For Brown v. Board of Education:
1896 ― The Supreme Court decides Plessy v. Ferguson and as a result created the "Separate but Equal" rule in regards to racial segregation, legitimizing state laws on segregation that could violate the 14th Amendment.
1896 until the early 1950's ― Racial segregation continues but does not actually exist in terms of "Separate but Equal", but is used to as a way to discriminate against Black Americans.
1951 ― Thirteen parents file a class-action lawsuit against the Board of Education in Topeka, Kansas, calling for the city to end racial segregation in public schools.
1951 ― The parents involved in the lawsuit attempt to enroll their children in the schools nearest to their homes but are refused entry and told to enroll in segregated schools by officials.
1951 ― The District Court rules against the parents and cites the ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson as justification.
1952 ― The case is argued before the Supreme Court for the first time.
1953 ― The case is re-argued before the Supreme Court.
1954 ― US Supreme Court rules against the Board of Education in an unanimous decision. The court states that separate but equal is inherently unequal when it comes to providing public education and that the segregation of public schools violated the 14th Amendment.
The ruling sent the message that all forms of state-mandated segregation would not be tolerated by the court any longer. This message received a lot of resistance from Southern leaders in particular leading to the standoffs and conflicts for Civil Rights that we would see during the rest of the 1950s and early 1960s
Ellis Island ― Ellis Island in New York closes as a point of Immigration to the United States (opened January 1, 1892).
More Information for the History and Timeline of Ellis Island:
Indian Tribes call the Island "Kioshk" or Gull Island.
Dutch and English Colonists know the Island as Oyster Island.
1700's ― Samuel Ellis buys the Island where the Island gets it's name from.
1808 ― Federal government purchased Ellis Island from New York State .
1809 ― Federal government constructed a parapet for three tiers of circular guns making The Island as part of the new harbor defense system .
1855 to 1890 ― Castle Clinton was the New York State immigration station processing some 8 million immigrants.
1890 to 1892 ― Federal government constructs a new Federally-operated immigration station on Ellis Island.
1892 January 1st ― Ellis Island opens as an immigration station.
1892 January 2nd ― Annie Moore, a 15 year-old Irish girl, accompanied by her two brothers is the very first immigrant to be processed at Ellis Island .
1897 June 14th ― Fire burns the immigration station completely to the ground (Federal and State immigration records dating back to 1855 burned along with the pine buildings that failed to protect them).
1897 to 1900 ― New fireproof Immigration buildings built.
1900 December 17th ― Immigration restarts at Ellis Island .
1900 to 1918 ― Millions of Immigrants passed through Ellis Island bought on steamships from Europe.
1918 to 1919 ― Suspected enemy aliens and suspected alien radicals from throughout the United States brought to Ellis Island under custody.
1919 to 1924 ― Immigration continues at a much decreased pace following the passage of the Quota Laws 1921 and the National Origins Act 1924.
1924 to 1954 ― Only those who had problems with paperwork, war refugees and displaced persons were processed.
1954 ― The last detainee, a Norwegian merchant seaman named Arne Peterssen was released, and Ellis Island officially closed.
What is often not realized is not all Immigrants entering the United States were processed at Ellis Island many were never required to undergo processing only those who arrived on "steerage" or third class passengers were processed at Ellis Island. First and second class passengers who arrived in New York Harbor were not required to undergo the inspection process at Ellis Island.
Ellis Island is located in the upper bay just off the New Jersey coast, within the shadow of the Statue of Liberty,
More News and Key Events
- President Eisenhower signs into law the new social security bill funded by employers and employees.
- President Dwight D. Eisenhower performs the dedication ceremony for the Iwo Jima statue at the USMC War Memorial.
- U.S. "Operation Wetback" is started on 17th July to send back to Mexico almost 4 million illegal immigrants.
- President Dwight D. Eisenhower coins the Cold War phrase " Domino Effect" on the spread of Communism.
- President Eisenhower signed the Communist Control Act outlawing Communist Party in the U.S.
- America does a large scale nationwide civil defense drill simulating the death of over 12 million Americans in a mock nuclear attack.
- Dow Jones Industrial Average closes at an all-time high of 382.74.
- The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) backed Castillo Armas takes over as leader of GuatemalaU.S.
- Hydrogen bomb test conducted on Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean.Algeria
- Earthquake strikes strikes Orleansville, Algeria killing 1,600.
- Sports Illustrated first issue.
- The words "under God" are added to the United States Pledge of Allegiance signed into law on June 14th.
- Nash and Hudson merged to form the American Motors Corporation ( AMC ) The Nash Metropolitan built by the Austin Motor Company (by then part of British Motor Corporation) went on sale for $1,445.
- 10,000 Mau Mau Rebels Rounded Up in Kenya By British Forces.
- Desert Locust Swarm Morocco destroying $14 million dollars of Citrus Fruits in 6 weeks.
- BBC Television screens its famous, and controversial, adaptation of George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four.
- First sub 4 minute mile run on May 6th by Roger Bannister.
- Armistice Day is renamed Veteran’s Day to honor vets from the Civil War, WWI and WWII, and the Korean conflict.
- Rationing finally ends in Great Britain.
- Three Hurricanes strike US in one year including Hurricane Hazel onOctober 14th one of the worst hurricanes of the 20th century.
- Hurricane Carol strikes New England killing 70.
- West Germany wins the 1954 World Cup in Switzerland defeating Hungary
Popular Culture
Culture
- Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley and the Comets
- NBC’s “The Tonight Show” was first aired with Steve Allen as the host
- Marilyn Monroe marries Joe DeMaggio
- Elvis Presley begins his music career
- White Christmas
- The Caine Mutiny
- The Glenn Miller Story
- On the Waterfront
- Seven Brides for Seven Brothers
- 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
- Live and Let Die ― Ian Fleming
- Lord of the Flies ― William Golding
- The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring ― J. R. R. Tolkien
- The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers ― J. R. R. Tolkien
- The Magicians ― J.B. Priestley
- Condoleezza Rice ― November 14th
- Bruce Hornsby ― November 23rd
- Jackie Chan ― April 7th
- John Travolta ― February 18th
- First Nuclear Powered Submarine commissioned by US Navy Nautilus.
- The world's first atomic power station opened at Obninsk, near Moscow.
- Mercedes introduced the 300SL coupe, with its gull-wing doors.
- Boeing 707 ( America's First Jet Airliner ) takes it's Maiden Flight.
- The first automatic toll collection machine in New Jersey.
- The rosebowl Parade is broadcast in color on TV.
- Swanson introduces TV Dinners.
- General Motors produces it's 50 millionth car.
- The first mass vaccination of children against polio begins.
- The first organ transplants are done in Boston and Paris.
- The First all Electronic Color television goes on sale from RCA the CT-100 selling for $1,000Inventions Invented by Inventors and Country ( or attributed to First Use )
- Solar Cell USA also called photo voltaic cells.
- Robot USA by George C. Devol, Jr.
Sports
NFL Champions
Cleveland Browns
NBA Champions
Minneapolis Lakers
NHL Champions
Detroit Red Wings
NCAA Football Chamapions
Maryland Terapins
NCAA Basketball Champions
LaSalle
NCAA Hockey Champions
Rensselaer Polytechnic
U.S. Open Golf
Ed Furgol
British Open Golf
Peter Thompson
Wimbledon Tennis
Jaroslav Drobný (Egypt)
Maureen Connolly Brinker
From ThePeoplesHistory and Wikipedia
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