October 27 is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 65 days remaining until the end of the year. This date is slightly more likely to fall on a Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday (58 in 400 years each) than on Sunday or Monday (57), and slightly less likely to occur on a Wednesday or Friday (56).
312 – The Battle of the Milvian Bridge took place between the Roman Emperors Constantine I and Maxentius on 28 October 312. It takes its name from the Milvian Bridge, an important route over the Tiber. Constantine won the battle and started on the path that led him to end the Tetrarchy and become the sole ruler of the Roman Empire. Maxentius drowned in the Tiber during the battle.
1938 – E. I. DuPont de Nemours announces its new synthetic fiber will be called "nylon". Nylon is a thermoplastic, silky material, first used commercially in a nylon-bristled toothbrush (1938), followed more famously by women's stockings (nylon stockings ("nylons"); 1940) after being introduced as a fabric at the 1939 New York World's Fair. Nylon is made of repeating units linked by amide bonds and is frequently referred to as polyamide (PA). Nylon was the first commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer.
1659 – William Robinson and Marmaduke Stevenson, two Quakers who came from England in 1656 to escape religious persecution, are executed in the Massachusetts Bay Colony for their religious beliefs. The two had violated a law passed by the Massachusetts General Court the year before, banning Quakers from the colony under penalty of death.
1775 – On this day in 1775, King George III speaks before both houses of the British Parliament to discuss growing concern about the rebellion in America, which he viewed as a traitorous action against himself and Great Britain. He began his speech by reading a "Proclamation of Rebellion" and urged Parliament to move quickly to end the revolt and bring order to the colonies.
1871 – Boss Tweed (William Mager Tweed), Democratic leader of Tammany Hall, is arrested after NY Times exposed his corruption. Tweed – often erroneously referred to as William Marcy Tweed, and widely known as "Boss" Tweed – was an American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York City and State. At the height of his influence, Tweed was the third-largest landowner in New York City, a director of the Erie Railroad, the Tenth National Bank, and the New-York Printing Company, as well as proprietor of the Metropolitan Hotel.
1918 – Under pressure from the government of Chancellor Max von Baden, Erich Ludendorff, the quartermaster general of the German army, resigns on October 27, 1918, just days before Germany calls for an armistice, bringing World War I to an end after four long years.
1919 – Congress signs the Volstead Act. The National Prohibition (Volstead) Act was enacted to carry out the intent of the Eighteenth Amendment, which established prohibition in the United States. The Anti-Saloon League's Wayne Wheeler conceived and drafted the bill, which was named for Andrew Volstead, Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who managed the legislation.
1919 – Congress signs the Volstead Act. The National Prohibition (Volstead) Act was enacted to carry out the intent of the Eighteenth Amendment, which established prohibition in the United States. The Anti-Saloon League's Wayne Wheeler conceived and drafted the bill, which was named for Andrew Volstead, Chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, who managed the legislation.
1938 – E. I. DuPont de Nemours announces its new synthetic fiber will be called "nylon". Nylon is a thermoplastic, silky material, first used commercially in a nylon-bristled toothbrush (1938), followed more famously by women's stockings (nylon stockings ("nylons"); 1940) after being introduced as a fabric at the 1939 New York World's Fair. Nylon is made of repeating units linked by amide bonds and is frequently referred to as polyamide (PA). Nylon was the first commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer.
1954 – President Eisenhower offers aid to South Vietnam's president Ngo Dinh Diem.
1969 – Ralph Nader sets up a consumer organization knowns as Nader's Raiders.
1972 – OPEC approves plan providing for 25 percent government ownership of all Western oil interests operating within Kuwait, Qatar, Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia.
1994 – Gliese 229B is the first Substellar Mass Object to be unquestionably identified.
2014 – Britain withdraws from Afghanistan after the end of Operation Herrick which started on June 20, 2002 after 12 years four months and seven days. Really, they let their flag touch the ground?
TODAY'S BIRTHS
1782 – Niccolò Paganini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1840)
1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, American colonel and politician, 26th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
1923 – Roy Lichtenstein, American painter and sculptor (d. 1997)
1932 – Sylvia Plath, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (d. 1963)
1946 – Steven R. Nagel, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 2014)
1782 – Niccolò Paganini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1840)
1858 – Theodore Roosevelt, American colonel and politician, 26th President of the United States, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
1923 – Roy Lichtenstein, American painter and sculptor (d. 1997)
1932 – Sylvia Plath, American poet, novelist, and short story writer (d. 1963)
1946 – Steven R. Nagel, American colonel, engineer, and astronaut (d. 2014)
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